Appendix D

Date

Chart D.1 Participation rates — history and projections by age group and gender

Age 15–19

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 20–24

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 25–29

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 30–34

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 35–39

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 40–44

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 45–49

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 50–54

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 55–59

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 60–64

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 65–69

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Age 70 and over

The age-specific participation rates for both men and women are projected to increase or stabillise in all age groups to 2054-55.

Note: Dashed line is placed over 2013–14 to distinguish history from projections.

Source: ABS cat. no. 6291.0.55.001 and Treasury projections.

Males
  15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70+ Total
1978-79 63.5 90.7 96.1 96.6 96.4 95.4 93.9 89.5 81.7 56.7 17.4 7.7 78.5
1979-80 64.5 91.2 95.5 96.1 96.0 95.1 93.4 90.0 82.4 53.3 17.3 7.2 78.3
1980-81 66.2 91.6 95.5 96.1 95.7 95.6 93.0 89.3 82.3 50.0 16.9 7.5 78.3
1981-82 65.3 91.2 95.1 95.9 95.5 94.9 92.4 89.1 81.1 49.4 15.0 6.3 77.7
1982-83 63.6 91.1 95.1 96.1 95.6 94.4 92.6 88.6 78.7 47.2 14.8 6.3 77.1
1983-84 61.4 90.5 95.0 95.8 95.2 94.7 92.2 89.7 78.6 44.1 14.6 6.0 76.5
1984-85 60.9 90.2 94.4 95.2 94.8 94.4 91.9 88.1 76.8 43.6 13.3 6.7 75.9
1985-86 61.4 90.4 94.6 95.0 95.2 94.2 92.1 87.4 77.8 44.6 14.3 5.7 75.9
1986-87 60.7 90.6 94.7 95.4 95.0 93.9 91.8 87.5 76.5 45.8 13.5 5.7 75.6
1987-88 60.2 90.4 94.6 95.1 94.7 94.0 91.3 85.8 75.1 47.4 13.4 6.6 75.3
1988-89 60.8 90.0 94.0 94.8 94.5 93.6 91.3 86.0 74.0 49.1 13.6 6.2 75.2
1989-90 61.9 89.7 94.4 94.9 94.1 94.1 91.8 86.6 75.0 49.9 14.1 6.1 75.5
1990-91 59.5 89.6 94.1 94.8 94.8 94.1 91.9 87.4 75.2 50.7 14.3 5.9 75.3
1991-92 55.8 87.8 93.9 94.7 94.3 93.1 91.7 86.1 72.9 49.9 15.0 5.1 74.3
1992-93 54.8 87.8 93.2 93.8 93.8 93.3 91.1 86.5 72.5 48.4 13.8 5.2 73.8
1993-94 55.9 87.0 93.3 93.4 93.2 92.9 90.7 86.1 72.5 48.8 15.1 4.8 73.6
1994-95 57.6 87.7 92.8 92.8 92.6 92.3 91.4 85.8 73.4 47.4 16.6 5.4 73.7
1995-96 58.4 87.8 92.9 93.4 93.1 92.5 90.9 86.4 73.1 46.8 16.3 5.4 73.8
1996-97 59.3 87.0 93.1 93.3 92.8 91.5 90.1 85.4 73.2 45.2 17.0 5.2 73.3
1997-98 57.0 86.8 92.7 92.8 92.5 92.2 89.7 84.3 72.2 45.8 18.0 6.0 72.8
1998-99 56.8 86.7 92.2 92.9 91.9 91.8 89.7 84.6 72.9 45.2 17.0 5.5 72.4
1999-00 57.8 86.8 91.6 92.2 91.0 91.6 89.2 84.9 72.4 46.4 18.3 5.4 72.1
2000-01 58.7 85.6 91.3 92.6 91.4 91.2 88.9 85.2 72.2 46.7 18.5 5.8 72.0
2001-02 59.0 86.0 90.6 92.2 91.8 91.0 89.9 85.4 71.9 48.0 19.9 5.9 71.9
2002-03 58.3 85.2 90.5 92.0 91.1 90.3 90.1 85.7 73.4 48.7 20.0 5.6 71.7
2003-04 58.3 84.7 90.8 91.9 91.3 90.0 88.8 85.6 73.8 50.9 20.4 5.3 71.5
2004-05 58.7 84.4 90.2 92.1 91.4 90.5 89.8 85.9 74.7 53.0 22.4 5.3 71.8
2005-06 58.4 85.2 90.8 91.9 91.8 91.0 89.6 86.3 75.7 55.4 24.4 5.9 72.1
2006-07 58.0 85.5 91.6 92.4 91.6 90.7 90.1 86.5 76.7 56.7 26.7 6.3 72.4
2007-08 58.8 85.3 91.6 92.9 92.6 90.8 90.8 86.8 77.2 56.1 28.6 6.8 72.7
2008-09 57.1 84.5 91.1 92.6 92.1 90.7 90.0 87.0 76.8 59.4 29.8 7.4 72.5
2009-10 54.8 83.6 90.4 91.5 91.6 91.2 90.0 87.3 79.1 60.3 31.8 7.2 72.2
2010-11 54.1 82.9 91.5 92.1 92.5 90.6 89.5 88.0 81.1 61.8 32.2 7.5 72.4
2011-12 53.1 82.6 90.9 92.1 92.2 90.5 89.3 86.9 80.0 61.9 33.8 8.1 71.9
2012-13 52.7 82.1 89.9 92.1 91.6 90.6 89.4 87.0 80.4 63.1 33.3 8.2 71.6
2013-14 51.0 81.0 89.4 92.2 91.2 91.0 88.8 87.1 80.7 62.4 32.9 8.5 71.1
2014-15 51.7 81.3 89.7 90.3 90.5 90.2 88.0 86.9 80.0 64.1 34.8 8.7 70.8
2015-16 51.6 81.1 89.5 90.0 90.4 89.9 88.0 86.7 80.0 64.7 35.4 9.1 70.7
2016-17 51.7 81.2 89.7 90.1 90.5 90.1 88.2 87.0 80.3 65.6 36.1 9.4 70.7
2017-18 51.8 81.3 89.9 90.1 90.6 90.2 88.4 87.1 80.6 66.4 36.9 9.8 70.8
2018-19 51.9 81.5 90.1 90.2 90.7 90.4 88.6 87.4 81.0 67.2 37.5 10.0 70.9
2019-20 52.0 81.7 90.3 90.3 90.9 90.5 88.8 87.6 81.6 68.1 38.7 10.2 70.9
2020-21 52.1 81.9 90.6 90.4 91.1 90.7 89.1 87.9 82.1 69.0 39.7 10.4 71.0
2021-22 52.3 82.1 90.8 90.6 91.3 90.9 89.3 88.1 82.4 69.7 40.4 10.6 71.1
2022-23 52.2 82.0 90.8 90.5 91.2 90.8 89.3 88.2 82.7 70.3 41.5 10.8 71.0
2023-24 52.3 82.1 90.9 90.4 91.3 90.9 89.4 88.3 82.9 70.8 42.0 11.0 70.9
2024-25 52.3 82.1 90.9 90.4 91.2 90.8 88.3 83.2 71.4 42.9 11.1 70.7
2025-26 52.3 82.1 91.0 90.3 91.2 90.8 89.5 88.3 83.3 71.8 43.5 11.2 70.6
2026-27 52.2 82.0 91.0 90.3 91.2 90.8 89.5 88.4 83.4 72.3 44.5 11.3 70.5
2027-28 52.2 82.1 91.0 90.2 91.2 90.8 89.5 88.4 83.6 72.7 45.0 11.4 70.4
2028-29 52.2 82.0 91.0 90.2 91.2 90.7 89.5 88.5 83.7 73.1 45.8 11.5 70.3
2029-30 52.3 82.1 91.1 90.2 91.2 90.7 89.6 88.5 83.8 73.5 46.3 11.6 70.2
2030-31 52.2 82.0 91.1 90.1 91.2 90.7 89.6 88.5 83.9 73.9 47.2 11.6 70.1
2031-32 52.3 82.1 91.1 90.1 91.2 90.7 89.6 88.6 84.1 74.2 47.7 11.7 70.0
2032-33 52.2 82.0 91.1 90.1 91.2 90.7 89.6 88.6 84.2 74.6 48.7 11.8 69.9
2033-34 52.3 82.1 91.2 90.1 91.2 90.7 89.7 88.7 84.4 74.9 49.3 11.8 69.8
2034-35 52.2 82.0 91.2 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.7 88.7 84.5 75.3 50.4 11.9 69.8
2035-36 52.3 82.1 91.2 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.7 88.8 84.6 75.6 50.8 11.9 69.7
2036-37 52.2 82.0 91.2 90.0 91.1 90.6 89.7 88.7 84.7 75.9 51.9 11.9 69.7
2037-38 52.2 82.0 91.2 90.0 91.1 90.6 89.7 88.8 84.8 76.0 52.0 12.0 69.6
2038-39 52.2 82.0 91.2 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.7 88.8 85.0 76.2 52.1 12.0 69.5
2039-40 52.2 82.0 91.2 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.8 88.9 85.1 76.3 52.1 12.0 69.4
2040-41 52.2 82.0 91.3 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.8 88.9 85.3 76.4 52.2 12.1 69.4
2041-42 52.3 82.1 91.3 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.8 89.0 85.4 76.5 52.3 12.1 69.3
2042-43 52.3 82.1 91.3 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.8 89.0 85.5 76.6 52.4 12.1 69.2
2043-44 52.3 82.1 91.3 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.8 89.0 85.7 76.7 52.5 12.1 69.2
2044-45 52.2 82.1 91.3 90.0 91.2 90.6 89.8 89.0 85.8 76.8 52.5 12.2 69.1
2045-46 52.2 82.0 91.3 90.0 91.2 90.5 89.8 89.1 85.9 76.9 52.6 12.2 69.1
2046-47 52.2 82.0 91.3 90.0 91.2 90.5 89.8 89.1 86.1 77.0 52.7 12.2 69.0
2047-48 52.2 82.0 91.3 89.9 91.2 90.5 89.8 89.1 86.2 77.1 52.7 12.2 68.9
2048-49 52.2 82.0 91.3 89.9 91.2 90.5 89.8 89.1 86.3 77.2 52.8 12.2 68.9
2049-50 52.2 82.0 91.3 89.9 91.2 90.5 89.9 89.2 86.4 77.2 52.8 12.2 68.8
2050-51 52.2 82.0 91.3 89.9 91.2 90.5 89.9 89.2 86.6 77.3 52.8 12.2 68.7
2051-52 52.2 82.0 91.4 89.9 91.2 90.5 89.9 89.2 86.7 77.4 52.9 12.3 68.5
2052-53 52.2 82.0 91.4 89.9 91.2 90.5 89.9 89.2 86.9 77.4 52.9 12.3 68.4
2053-54 52.2 82.0 91.4 90.0 91.2 90.5 89.9 89.3 86.9 77.5 52.9 12.3 68.3
2054-55 52.2 82.1 91.4 90.0 91.2 90.5 89.9 89.3 86.9 77.6 52.9 12.3 68.1
                           
Females
  15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70+ Total
1978-79 58.7 68.6 52.2 49.7 55.7 57.6 51.1 42.2 29.0 13.1 4.9 1.3 43.5
1979-80 59.7 70.3 52.2 50.9 56.4 59.7 53.4 42.4 27.9 12.8 5.1 1.4 44.2
1980-81 61.6 70.6 54.8 50.9 56.9 59.3 53.2 43.3 29.2 12.5 4.9 1.5 44.8
1981-82 60.1 71.0 54.7 51.4 56.9 60.4 54.7 44.5 29.0 11.6 4.8 1.3 44.8
1982-83 59.2 71.0 55.6 52.3 56.7 60.7 54.4 42.0 28.4 11.3 4.2 1.4 44.6
1983-84 59.6 73.0 55.9 52.2 56.7 59.8 55.0 44.7 29.0 11.8 4.1 1.2 45.0
1984-85 58.7 73.1 58.5 53.8 58.7 61.9 56.5 44.4 28.4 12.0 4.4 1.1 45.7
1985-86 60.0 74.9 60.8 57.6 62.4 64.1 58.8 44.7 29.5 12.0 4.8 1.3 47.4
1986-87 59.9 76.1 62.5 60.0 64.2 66.4 61.1 48.1 30.8 13.1 4.8 1.3 48.7
1987-88 58.9 76.7 65.1 60.2 65.8 67.4 61.9 49.2 31.5 12.9 5.2 1.5 49.4
1988-89 58.9 77.3 65.8 61.0 67.2 70.3 63.4 51.8 32.4 14.9 4.7 1.2 50.4
1989-90 59.8 78.0 67.8 63.6 69.6 73.3 66.2 53.1 32.3 15.1 4.6 1.1 51.9
1990-91 57.6 78.3 68.5 63.3 69.3 73.8 67.8 55.7 35.7 15.9 5.4 1.3 52.3
1991-92 54.6 77.1 68.5 63.2 69.2 73.5 69.3 55.6 35.7 14.9 5.3 1.1 51.9
1992-93 55.3 76.1 68.1 62.9 68.6 72.4 70.2 57.5 36.2 14.4 4.2 1.1 51.7
1993-94 55.2 77.1 69.5 62.9 68.0 72.6 70.2 59.5 37.9 15.7 5.6 1.1 52.2
1994-95 59.4 77.4 70.2 64.7 68.4 73.5 71.0 60.8 38.9 15.8 5.3 1.2 53.1
1995-96 59.5 78.6 70.8 65.2 69.2 74.2 72.3 61.5 41.3 17.2 6.0 1.3 53.8
1996-97 58.6 77.8 70.8 65.0 68.6 74.4 73.0 62.5 42.3 18.1 6.2 1.4 53.8
1997-98 57.2 76.7 72.0 65.4 67.4 73.2 72.7 63.6 42.3 19.1 7.0 1.5 53.5
1998-99 58.6 77.2 72.2 64.6 67.2 72.9 73.4 65.1 43.6 18.6 6.9 1.5 53.6
1999-00 59.3 76.8 72.0 65.6 68.4 73.7 74.0 65.6 46.1 19.9 8.0 1.4 54.1
2000-01 59.9 78.2 73.5 67.3 68.1 75.0 74.6 66.6 47.8 21.9 7.9 1.3 54.8
2001-02 59.8 77.3 74.0 67.9 69.0 74.0 74.9 67.2 50.0 23.8 8.4 1.6 55.1
2002-03 60.3 77.5 74.4 67.8 69.9 75.1 77.8 69.7 50.8 25.8 9.1 1.4 55.8
2003-04 61.2 77.1 73.7 68.0 69.2 73.8 77.5 69.2 51.3 27.8 8.3 1.4 55.6
2004-05 60.9 77.4 74.6 69.2 68.4 75.4 77.7 71.6 53.2 30.9 10.4 1.6 56.4
2005-06 60.9 77.6 75.1 70.3 70.3 76.6 78.3 73.0 56.3 32.1 11.2 1.6 57.2
2006-07 60.8 78.0 75.5 69.7 72.3 76.5 79.3 73.4 59.4 34.2 11.6 2.0 57.8
2007-08 60.5 78.9 76.3 71.1 71.3 77.8 79.4 74.9 59.4 37.1 13.8 2.1 58.4
2008-09 59.0 77.3 75.3 72.8 73.2 77.8 80.5 74.7 62.5 39.5 14.5 2.2 58.8
2009-10 57.9 76.3 74.6 70.7 72.6 76.1 79.7 75.9 63.9 41.8 17.3 2.3 58.5
2010-11 57.5 76.4 75.2 71.4 73.0 76.9 79.9 76.8 64.6 43.5 17.8 2.6 58.8
2011-12 57.1 76.4 75.5 72.0 73.2 77.4 79.3 76.2 65.9 44.1 19.0 2.5 58.8
2012-13 56.3 75.0 75.6 72.6 73.7 78.1 78.2 76.7 65.4 45.3 19.7 2.9 58.8
2013-14 55.4 75.9 76.6 72.5 72.2 76.8 79.7 77.0 65.7 44.5 19.8 2.9 58.6
2014-15 55.6 75.1 75.2 71.6 72.5 77.1 78.4 77.6 67.2 46.6 21.4 3.2 58.5
2015-16 55. 5 74.9 75.0 71.7 72.4 76.9 78.5 77.8 67.9 47.3 22.2 3.5 58.5
2016-17 55.6 75.0 75.2 72.1 72.5 77.0 78.9 78.4 68.8 48.2 23.2 3.7 58.6
2017-18 55.6 75.1 75.3 72.5 72.7 77.1 79.2 78.9 69.5 49.1 24.1 4.1 58.8
2018-19 55.8 75.3 75.5 72.9 72.9 77.3 79.6 79.4 70.3 50.0 24.7 4.2 59.0
2019-20 55.9 75.4 75.6 73.3 73.0 77.4 80.0 79.9 70.9 51.3 25.5 4.4 59.1
2020-21 56.0 75.6 75.8 73.7 73.2 77.6 80.4 80.3 71.6 52.5 26.3 4.6 59.2
2021-22 56.1 75.8 76.0 74.1 73.4 77.7 80.8 80.8 72.1 53.3 26.9 4.8 59.3
2022-23 56.1 75.8 76.0 74.3 73.4 77.7 81.0 81.0 72.3 54.2 27.7 5.0 59.3
2023-24 56.1 75.8 76.0 74.5 73.5 77.7 81.2 81.3 72.6 54.6 28.1 5.1 59.2
2024-25 56.1 75.8 76.0 74.7 73.5 77.6 81.3 81.4 72.8 55.1 28.8 5.1 59.1
2025-26 56.1 75.8 76.0 75.0 73.5 77.6 81.5 81.6 73.0 55.5 29.3 5.2 59.0
2026-27 56.1 75.8 76.0 75.1 73.5 77.6 81.7 81.8 73.0 56.0 30.1 5.3 59.0
2027-28 56.1 75.8 76.0 75.3 73.5 77.6 81.8 81.9 73.1 56.4 30.5 5.4 58.9
2028-29 56.1 75.8 76.0 75.5 73.5 77.6 82.0 82.0 73.2 56.7 31.2 5.4 58.8
2029-30 56.1 75.8 76.1 75.7 73.5 77.6 82.2 82.2 73.3 56.9 31.5 5.5 58.7
2030-31 56.1 75.8 76.1 75.9 73.5 77.5 82.3 82.3 73.3 57.2 32.2 5.5 58.6
2031-32 56.1 75.8 76.1 76.1 73.5 77.5 82.4 82.4 73.4 57.4 32.6 5.6 58.5
2032-33 56.1 75.8 76.1 76.2 73.5 77.5 82.5 82.5 73.4 57.8 33.4 5.6 58.5
2033-34 56.1 75.8 76.1 76.4 73.6 77.5 82.7 82.6 73.4 57.9 33.8 5.6 58.4
2034-35 56.1 75.8 76.1 76.5 73.5 77.5 82.8 82.6 73.4 58.3 34.7 5.7 58.4
2035-36 56.1 75.8 76.1 76.7 73.6 77.5 82.9 82.7 73.5 58.4 35.0 5.7 58.3
2036-37 56.1 75.7 76.1 76.8 73.5 77.4 83.0 82.7 73.4 58.6 35.9 5.7 58.3
2037-38 56.1 75.7 76.1 77.0 73.5 77.4 83.1 82.8 73.5 58.7 35.9 5.7 58.2
2038-39 56.1 75.8 76.1 77.1 73.5 77.4 83.3 82.9 73.5 58.6 35.9 5.7 58.1
2039-40 56.1 75.8 76.1 77.2 73.6 77.4 83.4 82.9 73.5 58.6 35.9 5.7 58.1
2040-41 56.1 75.8 76.1 77.4 73.6 77.4 83.5 83.0 73.5 58.6 35.9 5.7 58.0
2041-42 56.1 75.8 76.1 77.5 73.6 77.4 83.6 83.0 73.6 58.6 35.9 5.7 57.9
2042-43 56.1 75.8 76.1 77.6 73.6 77.4 83.7 83.1 73.6 58.6 35.9 5.8 57.8
2043-44 56.1 75.8 76.1 77.8 73.6 77.4 83.8 83.1 73.6 58.6 36.0 5.8 57.8
2044-45 56.1 75.8 76.1 77.9 73.6 77.4 83.9 83.1 73.6 58.7 36.0 5.8 57.7
2045-46 56.1 75.8 76.1 78.0 73.6 77.4 83.9 83.1 73.6 58.7 36.0 5.8 57.6
2046-47 56.1 75.8 76.1 78.1 73.6 77.4 84.0 83.1 73.6 58.7 36.0 5.8 57.6
2047-48 56.1 75.8 76.1 78.2 73.6 77.4 84.1 83.1 73.6 58.7 36.0 5.8 57.5
2048-49 56.1 75.8 76.1 78.3 73.6 77.3 84.2 83.2 73.6 58.7 36.0 5.8 57.4
2049-50 56.1 75.8 76.2 78.4 73.6 77.3 84.3 83.2 73.6 58.7 36.0 5.8 57.3
2050-51 56.1 75.8 76.2 78.5 73.6 77.3 84.3 83.2 73.6 58.7 36.0 5.8 57.2
2051-52 56.1 75.8 76.2 78.6 73.6 77.3 84.4 83.2 73.6 58.8 36.0 5.8 57.1
2052-53 56.1 75.8 76.2 78.7 73.6 77.3 84.5 83.2 73.6 58.8 36.0 5.8 57.0
2053-54 56.1 75.8 76.2 78.8 73.6 77.3 84.5 83.3 73.6 58.8 36.0 5.8 56.9
2054-55 56.1 75.8 76.2 78.8 73.6 77.3 84.6 83.3 73.6 58.8 36.0 5.8 56.8