Lending to national governments

False

Australia is a leading supporter of debt transparency.

Accessible information about Australia’s loans to national governments is a critical part of debt sustainability and promotes governance and accountability.

It supports civil society actors and helps international institutions match debt data between creditors and debtors.

G20 operational guidelines

In January 2023, the Australian Government began publishing loan-by-loan information on a single website, in line with best practice under the G20 Operational Guidelines for Sustainable Financing.

The aim of these guidelines is to “enhance access to sound financing for development while ensuring that sovereign debt remains on a sustainable path by fostering information sharing and cooperation among borrowers, creditors and international financial institutions, as well as learning through capacity building.”

Lending entities

Australia lends to other national governments through the following entities:

  • Export Finance Australia (EFA)
  • Australian Infrastructure Financing Facility for the Pacific (AIFFP) - for which EFA is the lender of record
  • Bilateral loans under the International Monetary Agreements Act 1947

Reporting

Australia publishes a stock of lending aggregated on a country‑by‑country basis updated on 30 June each year.

Australia updates any new issued sovereign lending on a quarterly basis.

Lending to national governments is reported:

Australia also provides reports on lending to national governments to the Paris Club.

New bilateral loans between 1 April – 30 June 2025

There were no new loans in this period. For new loans since July 2022, see the Bilateral loans archive.

Total outstanding bilateral loans as of 30 June 2025

Total outstanding bilateral loans as of 30 June 2025
Country name Export Finance Australia International Monetary Agreements Act Other loans Total value of loans (AUD)
Cuba $8,760,674     $8,760,674
Fiji $61,068,702     $61,068,702
Indonesia   $1,050,000,000 $405,575,630* $1,455,575,630
Iraq $57,237,064     $57,237,064
Palau $13,505,976     $13,505,976
Papua New Guinea $828,427,481 $2,806,506,578   $3,634,934,059
Solomon Islands $16,181,679     $16,181,679
Sri Lanka $67,494,493     $67,494,493
Timor-Leste $68,702,290     $68,702,290
Trinidad and Tobago $198,626,775     $198,626,775

* This figure represents outstanding principal on 2 loans to Indonesia under the Australia-Indonesia Partnership for Reconstruction and Development (AIPRD), issued by the former AusAID following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. These loans do not attract interest.